[电子技术]RFID门卡模拟

其实这是第一个实用项目，而且背后的原理不是很难。不过可能因为东西比较多，功能相对完善点吧。
操作是刷卡，如果通过，绿灯亮，蜂鸣器，电机操作。如果失败，红灯亮，蜂鸣器。
核心是一个RFID Card Reader，芯片MFRC522，NXP的。网上有MFRC522的Arduino库，可以直接用。SPI通信。
可以读取到卡号，卡内数据。不过本次为了简单，直接用卡号判断。判断部分不由Arduino直接处理，而是通过串口通信由raspberry pi判断。目的是模拟实际的刷卡系统，Arudino作为IO控制系统，没有直接的网络通信部分，本次由raspberry pi模拟。

Arduino的部分，两个LED灯和蜂鸣器。加上蜂鸣器之后，整体感觉就不太一样。

拍得不是很好，坐上角的是MFRC522读卡器。Arduino和Raspberry Pi通过USB串口通信。

舵机和LCD显示屏，有卡号和通过状态与否的显示。

Raspberry Pi部分的代码不难

import sys
import serial

CARD_IDS = set([’00E1F2A4′])

def determine_device():
	”’
	determine device with command line arguments
	”’
	args = sys.argv
	if len(args) > 1:
		return args[1]
	else:
		return ‘/dev/ttyACM0′

def loop(s):
	”’
	loop
	”’
	line = s.readline()
	if line and line.startswith(‘CARD_ID: ‘):
		card_id = line[9:-1].strip()
		print ‘card: [‘ + card_id + ‘]’

		if card_id in CARD_IDS:
			print ‘passed’
			s.writelines([‘T’])
		else:
			print ‘failed’
			s.writelines([‘F’])

# main function
if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
	# wait 1 second
	s = serial.Serial(determine_device(), 9600, timeout = 1)
	s.open()
	try:
	  while True:
			loop(s)
	except KeyboardInterrupt:
		s.close()

import sys

import serial

CARD_IDS = set([’00E1F2A4′])

def determine_device():

”’

determine device with command line arguments

”’

args = sys.argv

if len(args) > 1:

return args[1]

else:

return ‘/dev/ttyACM0’

def loop(s):

”’

loop

”’

line = s.readline()

if line and line.startswith(‘CARD_ID: ‘):

card_id = line[9:–1].strip()

print ‘card: [‘ + card_id + ‘]’

if card_id in CARD_IDS:

print ‘passed’

s.writelines([‘T’])

else:

print ‘failed’

s.writelines([‘F’])

# main function

if __name__ == ‘__main__’:

# wait 1 second

s = serial.Serial(determine_device(), 9600, timeout = 1)

s.open()

try:

while True:

loop(s)

except KeyboardInterrupt:

s.close()

Arduino部分的代码比较多

/******************************
 * DOOR LOCK SYSTEM
 * Author: XnnYygn
 * Date: 2014-10-31
 *
 ******************************
 * PIN data sheet
 * ===========
 * RFRC522 PIN
 * 
 * RST    D9
 * SS     D10
 * MOSI   D11
 * MISO   D12
 * SCK    D13
 * ============
 * Servo PIN
 *
 * DATA D6
 * ============
 * LED PIN
 *
 * PASSED(green)   D7
 * FAILED(red)     D8
 * ============
 * BUZZ PIN
 *
 * VCC D3
 * ============
 * LCD I2C PIN
 *
 * SDA A4
 * SCL A5
 * ============
 ******************************
 * Enjoy~
 */

#include <Servo.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <Wire.h> 
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

// SWF stands for STATUS_WAITING_FOR
#define SWF_CARD 0
#define SWF_RESULT 1

#define RFID_SS_PIN 10
#define RFID_RST_PIN 9

#define SERVO_DATA_PIN 6

#define LED_PASSED_PIN 7 // green
#define LED_FAILED_PIN 8 // red

#define BUZZ_PIN 3

////////////////////////////////////////
// variables
////////////////////////////////////////

int workingStatus = SWF_CARD;
int validationResult;

// create MFRC522 controller
MFRC522 mfrc522(RFID_SS_PIN, RFID_RST_PIN);

// servo controller
Servo myServo;

// LCD I2C
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);

////////////////////////////////////////
// methods
////////////////////////////////////////

void setup() {
  // set serial to 9600, same to raspberry pi pySerial
  Serial.begin(9600);
  
  // initialize MFRC522
  SPI.begin();
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();
  
  // initialize servo
  // myServo.attach(SERVO_DATA_PIN);
  
  // set pin for LEDs
  pinMode(LED_PASSED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_FAILED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  
  // set pin for buzz
  pinMode(BUZZ_PIN, OUTPUT);
  
  // initialize the lcd 
  lcd.init();                      
  lcd.print(“ALL CLEAR!”);
}

void loop() {
  switch(workingStatus) {
    case SWF_CARD: 
      waitingForCard(); 
      break;
    case SWF_RESULT:
      waitingForResult();
      break;
  }
}

void waitingForCard() {
  if (!mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {
    return;
  }
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
    return;
  }
  
  // show card id on LCD
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.clear();
  
  // send card id to serial and LCD
  Serial.print(“CARD_ID: “);
  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++) {
    if(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10) {
      Serial.print(“0”);
      lcd.print(“0”);
    }
    Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
    lcd.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
  }
  Serial.println();
  
  // change working status
  workingStatus = SWF_RESULT;
  
  mfrc522.PICC_HaltA();
}

void waitingForResult() {
  if(Serial.available()) {
    validationResult = Serial.read();
    Serial.print(“VALIDATION RESULT: “);
    Serial.println(validationResult);
    
    // buzz
    analogWrite(BUZZ_PIN, 128);
    delay(500);
    analogWrite(BUZZ_PIN, LOW);
    
    // set LCD cursor to next line
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    
    if(validationResult == 84 /* T */) {
      onValidationPassed();
    } else {
      onValidationFailed();
    }
    
    // delay 1 second before next operation
    delay(1000);
    
    // return to init status
    workingStatus = SWF_CARD;
    lcd.noBacklight();
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print(“ALL CLEAR”);
  }
}

void onValidationPassed() {
  lcd.print(“PASSED”);
  
  // turn on passed LED
  digitalWrite(LED_PASSED_PIN, HIGH);
  
  // turn servo
  myServo.attach(SERVO_DATA_PIN);
  delay(1000);
  myServo.write(180);
  delay(1000);
  myServo.write(0);
  delay(1000);
  myServo.detach();
  
  // turn off passed LED
  digitalWrite(LED_PASSED_PIN, LOW);
}

void onValidationFailed() {
  lcd.print(“FAILED”);
  
  // turn on failed LED
  digitalWrite(LED_FAILED_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(1000);
  
  // turn off failed LED
  digitalWrite(LED_FAILED_PIN, LOW);
}

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

/******************************

* DOOR LOCK SYSTEM

* Author: XnnYygn

* Date: 2014-10-31

******************************

* PIN data sheet

* ===========

* RFRC522 PIN

* RST D9

* SS D10

* MOSI D11

* MISO D12

* SCK D13

* ============

* Servo PIN

* DATA D6

* ============

* LED PIN

* PASSED(green) D7

* FAILED(red) D8

* ============

* BUZZ PIN

* VCC D3

* ============

* LCD I2C PIN

* SDA A4

* SCL A5

* ============

******************************

* Enjoy~

#include <Servo.h>

#include <SPI.h>

#include <MFRC522.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

// SWF stands for STATUS_WAITING_FOR

#define SWF_CARD 0

#define SWF_RESULT 1

#define RFID_SS_PIN 10

#define RFID_RST_PIN 9

#define SERVO_DATA_PIN 6

#define LED_PASSED_PIN 7 // green

#define LED_FAILED_PIN 8 // red

#define BUZZ_PIN 3

////////////////////////////////////////

// variables

////////////////////////////////////////

int workingStatus = SWF_CARD;

int validationResult;

// create MFRC522 controller

MFRC522 mfrc522(RFID_SS_PIN, RFID_RST_PIN);

// servo controller

Servo myServo;

// LCD I2C

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);

////////////////////////////////////////

// methods

////////////////////////////////////////

void setup() {

// set serial to 9600, same to raspberry pi pySerial

Serial.begin(9600);

// initialize MFRC522

SPI.begin();

mfrc522.PCD_Init();

// initialize servo

// myServo.attach(SERVO_DATA_PIN);

// set pin for LEDs

pinMode(LED_PASSED_PIN, OUTPUT);

pinMode(LED_FAILED_PIN, OUTPUT);

// set pin for buzz

pinMode(BUZZ_PIN, OUTPUT);

// initialize the lcd

lcd.init();

lcd.print(“ALL CLEAR!”);

}

void loop() {

switch(workingStatus) {

case SWF_CARD:

waitingForCard();

break;

case SWF_RESULT:

waitingForResult();

break;

}

void waitingForCard() {

if (!mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {

return;

}

if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {

return;

}

// show card id on LCD

lcd.backlight();

lcd.clear();

// send card id to serial and LCD

Serial.print(“CARD_ID: “);

for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++) {

if(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10) {

Serial.print(“0”);

lcd.print(“0”);

}

Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);

lcd.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);

}

Serial.println();

// change working status

workingStatus = SWF_RESULT;

mfrc522.PICC_HaltA();

}

void waitingForResult() {

if(Serial.available()) {

validationResult = Serial.read();

Serial.print(“VALIDATION RESULT: “);

Serial.println(validationResult);

// buzz

analogWrite(BUZZ_PIN, 128);

delay(500);

analogWrite(BUZZ_PIN, LOW);

// set LCD cursor to next line

lcd.setCursor(0, 1);

if(validationResult == 84 /* T */) {

onValidationPassed();

} else {

onValidationFailed();

}

// delay 1 second before next operation

delay(1000);

// return to init status

workingStatus = SWF_CARD;

lcd.noBacklight();

lcd.clear();

lcd.print(“ALL CLEAR”);

}

void onValidationPassed() {

lcd.print(“PASSED”);

// turn on passed LED

digitalWrite(LED_PASSED_PIN, HIGH);

// turn servo

myServo.attach(SERVO_DATA_PIN);

delay(1000);

myServo.write(180);

delay(1000);

myServo.write(0);

delay(1000);

myServo.detach();

// turn off passed LED

digitalWrite(LED_PASSED_PIN, LOW);

}

void onValidationFailed() {

lcd.print(“FAILED”);

// turn on failed LED

digitalWrite(LED_FAILED_PIN, HIGH);

delay(1000);

// turn off failed LED

digitalWrite(LED_FAILED_PIN, LOW);

}

总的来说，这个作品简单但是实用。